wyman



3 Sheets$heet 1. H. WYMAN. LOOM (No Model.)

Pat ented Jan. 17, 1893.

(No Model.) 3-Sheets8heet 2.

H. WYMAN.

LOOM'.

No. 490,238. Patented Jan. 17, .1893.

(No Model.) s Sheets-Sheet 3. H. WYM'AN. LOOM.

No. 490.238. Pa t ented Jan. 17, 1893.

Iva/awn wires S'rn'rns tries,

HORACE WYMAN, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE CROMPTON LOOM WORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

LOOM.

SPEGIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 490,238, dated January 17, 1893.

Application filed September 1, 1892. Serial No. 444,742. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HORACE \VYMAN, of Worcester, county of Worcester, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Looms, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters and figures on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to improve and simplify that class of loom employed in the manufacture of tufted fabrics, among which may be classed carpets.

This present invention is intended as an improvement on that described in United States Patent granted to A. Smith and H. Skinner, No. 186,374, dated January 16, 1877. The patent referred to shows and describes a series of tuft-yarn beams, mounted in hearings on a pair of chains in such mannor that they may be taken bodily from the chains and lowered to the warps. The tuftyarn beams have each an attached bar provided with a series of tubes through which the tuft-yarns are led, the tubes, when the beam is taken from the chains and brought down to the warp, being made to enter the spaces between the warp threads sufficiently to leave the free ends of the tuft-yarns projecting below the lower half of the shed, and thereafter a pick or shot of weft is inserted and the lower ends of the tuft-yarns are wiped or turned upwardly about the said weft and back through to and above the upper part of the shed, the row of tufts so formed being then bcaten-in by the reed, and the tuft-yarns having been out off, the beams are thereafter lifted and put back into the chains and the latter moved to bring a new beam into working position.

One part of my improvement in this class of loom using an endless chain for carrying the-tuft-yarn beams adapted to be removed from the chains as the tuft-yarns carried by each beam are to be used to produce a transverse row of tufts, consists in so constructing the tuft-yarn beams and their attached tuft-yarn carriers, and moving the same in such manner while detached from the chains, that the necessity of carrying the free ends of the tuft-yarns below the warp threads and then of wiping or turning the free ends of the tuft-yarns from the lower part of the shed to and above the upper part of the shed, and also the use of mechanism for such purpose, is avoided.

In accordance with my invention as herein contained the frames having the tuft-yarn beams and attached tuft-yarn carriers, are automatically removed from the chains and lowered sufficiently to enable the ends of the carriers to pass between the warp threads in the upper plane of and enter the shed at a point between the fell of the fabric and the reed, the direction and extent of movement of the carriers being such, however, that the tuft-yarns hanging from the descending oarriers are trailed into the shed diagonally by the movements of the ends of the carriers to thus form a space between the carriers, the under sides of the warps in the upper plane of the shed, and the free ends of the tuft yarns held or arrested above the upper plane of the shed, the space so formed being for the receptionof ashot of weft preferably laid double, to lock the tuft-yarns in place in the shed.

As one manner of keeping the free ends of the tuft yarns always above the warp threads in the upper plane of the shed, I have shown a tuft-yarn end-arrester located between the reed and the fell of the fabric, it crossing the warp transversely, but this invention is not limited in this respect to such an arresting device.

The movement imparted to the tuft-yarn frame and its attached carriers on its way. from the chains to the warp to enter the shed is such that the ends of the carriers are moved from above toward the fell so as to somewhat lay out or trail above the warps the free ends of the tuft-yarns depending from the carriers, and the carriers having been brought near the warps, the ends of the carriers at about the time they begin to enter the shed are moved toward the reed, and as the ends of the carriers descend to the lower plane of the 5 shed the tuft-yarns are trailed into the shed behind the ends of the carriers so as to occupy a diagonal position in the shed, but with their free ends above the upper plane of the shed, where they are crossed at a point between their arrested or free ends, yet above the upper plane of the shed, the under side of the upper warps and the ends of the carriers the latter being yet in the shed.

In the form in which I have herein illustrated my invention, the carriers in their approach to the shed have their ends inclined forwardly toward the fell, and the tuft-yarns at a point near the ends of the carriers while the latter are yet above the shed are suitably arrested, and the free ends of the carriers in their descent into the shed are carried backwardly toward the reed. After the weft has been laid across the tuftyarns, the ends of the tuft-yarn carriers are lifted out of its shed and as they rise the ends of the carriers are moved forward toward the fell, thus drawing the tuft-yarns up about the weft, the free ends of the tuft-yarns yet occupying a position above the upper plane of the warps, and the ends of the carriers having been lifted sufficiently to be clear of the reed, the latter in its forward motion following the ends of the carriers in their movement toward the fell, acts on the tuft-yarns partially wrapped about the weft and carries them with the weft inclosed by them forward to the fell, and a second shot of weft having been inserted into a second shed made in the warp while the carriers are above the warp, and having been beaten in to aid in holding the tuft-yarns in place, and the tuft-yarn frame having been lifted sufficiently to draw off from the tuftyarn beam enough yarn for the next row of loops to be made from them, the tuft-yarns are cut off to form a row of tufts or loops, the frame is returned to the chains, and the latter are moved to bring a new frame and beam into position. I

The particular features in which my invention consists will be hereinafter fully described and defined in the claim at the end of this specification.

Figure 1, is a partial vertical section of a loom from just within the right-hand side frame thereof, said figure showing a sufficient portion of the loom with my improvements added to enable my invention to be understood. Fig. 1, shows a portion of a chain with a tuft-yarn frame in place therein and as engaged by a clutch on a transferring arm. Fig. 2, is a section in the line mi'Fig. 1. Fig. 3, is a similar section, but with the clutch of the transferring device disengaged from the tuft-yarn frame, the beam being omitted. Fig. 4, a detail to be referred to. Fig. 5, is a section in the line at, Fig. 2, with the beam journal omitted. Fig. 6, is a section in the line at, Fig. 2. Fig. 7, on an enlarged scale shows a tuft-yarn frame, its carriers, and a beam in the chain. Fig. 8, shows the transfer-ring arms in top or plan view, and the guides or clutch devices 22. Fig. 9, an enlarged detail of some of the parts drawn more especially to illustrate the movements of the tuft-yarn carriers between the chain and in the shed; and Fig. 10 in side elevation shows part of the lay, the reed, and devices for actuating the form of tuft-yarn arrester, partially shown in Fig. 1.

The shaft H the sprocket wheel 1-1 the endless chains H composed of single and double links h 7L4, the tuft-yarn spools H, mounted in bearings 20 of a tuft-yarn or spool frame H, composed of a longitudinal bar provided with end pins 77. to enter the slots or spaces between the double links 71 of the chains; the spring catches h co-operating with the end pins and acting to engage the rear sides of the said double links to connect the frames to the chains; the spring brakes 71 one for each beam, (only one being shown in Fig. 1) to bear on and prevent a tuft-yarn beam or spool from rotating improperly, are and maybe all substantially as in said patent.

The chains in practice may be supported and moved intermittingly, as provided for in the said patent.

The tuft-yarn carriers a, in this invention are attached to each spool-frame H, and depend vertically from the said frames.

In the drawings a is a rod located above the warps and carried by arms or links a pivoted at e as herein shown on the loom frame. The rod a, as best shown in 1 and 8, has mounted on it two like arms K, provided each with a suitable fulcrum as 2 for the transferring arms K having suitable clutches Each arm K has jointed to it at 3 the upper end of a link B jointed at 8 to one arm B of a lever-B, B fast on a rock shaft B mounted in suitable bearings in theloom sides or frame A, the arm B being shown as provided with a roll B which is acted upon by a cam B on the main cam shaft 13', said cam moving the arms K up and down and with them their attached parts as will be described, so as to take a frame from the chains, lower it and put it back into the chains. The arms K herein shown, are shaped somewhat differently from the arms having like sign in said patent. The upper end of the clutch 22 as the latter is raised opposite the end of a frame, engages the spring hook h as in Fig. 2, and removes its upper shouldered end from the double link 72.

The transferring arms K are connected at their rear ends by rods 8 with the opposite ends of a lever 9 pivoted at 10 on a suitable collar on the rod a. One of the transferring arms K has a toe or extension 12 which is acted upon by the upper end of a cam bar 13 connected to a lever let pivoted at 15 and acted upon by a suitable cam 16, the upper end or said bar workingin a loop-like frame 17 forming part of one of the rigid arms K and by the action of the cam part k of the bar 13 be tween the toe 12 and-loop 17 turns the said transferring armsin a direction to move them and their connected clutches 22 in a direction laterally away from the ends of the frame as.

ITO

the loop 17 acts normally to keep the toe 12 pressed against the upper end of the bar 13, as in Fig. 4. The links or supports a have jointed to them at 29 a rod 28 in turn pivoted to an arm 31 extended from a sleeve 32 surrounding the rock shaft 13, said sleeve having a second arm 33 provided with a suitable roll 84* acted upon by a cam 34, said cam being of such shape as to co-operate with the cam B and impart to the ends of the carriers the to and fro motion hereinbefore described in and above the shed, as the transferring arms are lowered and raised, the cam 34 being chiefly instrumental in trailing the tuftyarninto the shed that they may be crossed as described between the carriers and the free ends of the tuft-yarn above the shed.

In the diagram, Fig. 9, I have shown four different positions of the tuft-yarn carriers and frame H, between the chain link h* and the shed, 15 showing a shot of weft inserted double. The lay d having the comb-like reed r is operated by the cam X, it acting on a roller of an arm h of a rock shaft H said rock shaft having a second arm jointed by a rod k to a projection of the lay. The reed and its actuating devices are and may be all substantialiy as in United States Patent No. 446,402, February 10, 1891, granted to H. Vfyman and J. A. Clark.

In practice, the loom will contain suitable mechanism for forming sheds in the warps, and for cutting oi the tuft-yarns as provided for in said United States Patent No. 446,402.

The weft carrying mechanism may be of the form described in United States Patent No. 185,374, or in United States Patent No. 446,177 February 10, 1891, granted to H. Wyma-n and F. S. Webb.

The tuft-yarn arresting device herein shown, consists of a bar a extended across the loom above the warp threads, said bar being carried by like arms a jointed to like arms 07" of a rock shaft a extended across the loom frame in bearings near the breast beam 123. The rock shaft has a second arm a which is jointed to a rod a connected to a lever ct' acted upon by a cam (13 on the shaft B said arm a having connected to it a spring a the opposite end of which is fixed to the loom frame or otherwise. The spring a acts to move the tuft-yarn arresting device forward as the lay is moved back from the fell, an adjusting screw 154 carried by arm a limiting the movement of the bar a. beyond the inner edge of the breast beam. Arod 5 jointed to an arm b on the rock shaft a has a collar h to act against a stop b of the lay to cause the bar I) to be moved in unison with the reed '1' while the latter is aiding the carriers in moving the tuft-yarns up to the fell. The cam a retracts the bar b from the fell in order that the tuft-yarn cutting mechanism, not shown, may have achance to act and cut the tuft-yarns to leave completed loops thereof in the cloth.

The tuft-yarn arrester is not herein claimed broadly, as it is shown in United States application Serial No. 436,418, filed June 13, 1892, and while its use herein is of very material advantage, yet it may be dispensed with, and the free ends of the tuft-yarns may be effectually arrested above the upper plane of the shed by their friction against the pairs of warps between which the ends of the carriers are passed to enter the shed.

By manipulating the tuft-yarn beams as stated, and inserting the tuft-yarns by means of carriers, so introduced into the shed from above that the free ends of the tuft-yarns will not at any time be carried below the threads in the upper plane of the warp, and inserting the shot of filling across the tuft-yarns while the latter are laid partially into the open shed, the liability of the tuft-yarns getting on the wrong side of the warp threads, as is liable to happen when the free ends of tuft-yarns are wiped upwardly, as in the patent first referred to, is obviated, and I have found in practice that the introduction and manipulation of the tuft-yarns in the manner herein described results in the production of a more compact fabric with aminimum amount of tuft-yarn.

This invention is not limited to the particular point between the reed and the fellat which the tuft-yarn carriers enter the open shed so long as the free ends of the tuft-yarns are left above the warp threads in the upper plane of the shed, and the tuft-yarn carriers prior to beating up the tuft-yarns at the fell are brought substantially above the fell so as not to interfere with the action of the reed in beating the said tuft-yarns into line at the fell.

In another application Serial No. 444,743,

filed September 1, 1892, I have shown tuftyarn carriers,such as herein shown, as adapted to be put into the shed, but with the free ends of the tuft-yarns directed toward the reed, the reed in its forward movement, as provided for in said application, acting on the tuft-yarns near their free ends and in connection with the movement of the ends of the carriers in the direction of the length of the warps toward the fell serving to keep the free ends of the tuft-yarns above the upper warps of the shed.

In a loom of the class herein described, wherein the ends of a great number of tuftyarns are to be formed into tufts the certainty of the correct operation of the parts is insured by making the shed as small as possible, and by keeping the reed as near as possible to the fell when the ends of the carriers are being inserted between the warp threads and into the shed, and the ends of the carriers are being moved back and forth in the shed.

Byimparting to the carriers the movements herein described, it is possible to leave the reed quite close to the fell, see Figs. 1 and 9, just at the time that the carriers are introduced into the shed, and yet correctly form the ends of the tuft-yarns into loops between the reed and the fell, the introduction being IIO effected while the reed guides and positions ment imparted 'to them as to place the ends of the carriers in the shed of the warp "and move the-ends of the earriers back an'd'forth in the shed and above the Warp, so as to leave between the tuft-yarns and the upper threads of the shed, as represented in Fig. 9;-a 'sufficient spacefor the passageof the filling introduced as stated, preferably b'ya needle such-as employed in either of the loo'ms referr'edto, and afterward toinovethe endso'f the carriers toabove the warp and substantially to the fell, and at the same time the reed beats to the fell the looped t'uft-yarns yet in the carriers.

The gist of this present invention lies-in providing devices whereby the ends of the tuft-yarn earriers may be made to pass be; tween the warp threads attheup erpmne of the shed and in'to'th'e shed nearthe reed and leave 'thefree ends of 'the tuft-yarns above the warp threads in the upper plane of the shed at that point, the'carriers being put in such position a'sto form a sufficient space or opening between their freeend's in the shed and the free ends of the tuft-yarns'for the insertion of a shot of weft or filling, after which the ends of the carriers are elevated out of the way of the reed and moved toward the fell, the reed, in its forward movement with the carrier's, acting against the'free ends of the tuft-yarns previously crossed by the filling, and aiding not only in folding the said yarns about the filling, but also to follow-the ends of the carriers in their forward movement and cause the said free endsof the tuftyarns to remain bent about the shot of weft and be beat with the weft into the fell.

This invention is not limited to the exact means shown for arresting the free ends of the tuft-yarns frictionall-y at, and so as to leave said ends projecting above the upper plane of the warp. I

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-':'

Alay provided with *a reed; two movable chai'ns; a series of frames mounted therein and provided each with a series of tuft- "yarn carriers and a beam or spool to supply the said carriers With tuftyarns; transferring arms; two cams; and two sets of connections between the said cams and the transferring arms, eaanset actuated by one of said cams, one cam controlling the up and down motions of the tran'sferrin-g'arms to place thee'nds of the carriers in 'or betweenthe warps; and the other cam the back'and forth movements to fmo'vethe ends of the carriers in and above the warps-the shape of the-said cams being such as to enable the transferring arms to engagea framgtake'it from the chains and pla'ee the ends'of th'e tuft-yarn carriers in the open shed between the warp-'threads-l'eaving=the free ends of thetuft yarns above the Warp thread'sin the up'pei' plane of the shed and with a space between the ends of the tuft-yarn earriers'and the upturned free ends of the tuft-yarns and the under sides or the warps in the upper plane of't'ne shed for the introduction of a thread of weft, and then to rais'e the frame and move the ends of the tuft yarn'carriersfer'ward above thefelL-means to move the'reed and cause it to act against the tuftyarns then bent about the weft and move said tuft-yarns and weft upto the fell to be loeked there by an additional Weft thread preparatory to eutting off the tuft-yarns to form a row of tuft loops, the transferring arms being'then-moved-to put the frame back into the Chains.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the-presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HORACE WYMAN. Witnesses: v

Geo. W GREGORY, EMMA J. BENNETT. 

